Development and Performance Evaluation of Solar-Powered Electric Propulsion System for Small-Scale Fishing Vessels A Case Study in Indonesian Coastal Waters
Keywords:
Renewable Marine Propulsion, Artisanal Fishing Technology, Photovoltaic Boat Systems, Sustainable Coastal Transport, Energy-Autonomous Vessels.Abstract
The Indonesian fishing industry faces a critical challenge where escalating fuel prices have created economic hardships for coastal communities, leading many fishermen to abandon their traditional livelihoods. This research explores a practical solution by developing and testing an electric propulsion system powered entirely by solar energy, specifically designed for small fishing boats operating in Indonesian coastal waters. Through iterative design and extensive field testing at Belawan Port in Medan, we evaluated a prototype system consisting of photovoltaic panels, battery storage, and a permanent magnet DC motor driving a chain-coupled propeller assembly. Our real-world testing revealed several interesting findings: when carrying a realistic operational load of 120 kilograms, the boat achieved sustainable cruising speeds around 2.1 kilometers per hour under typical wave conditions. The solar charging infrastructure, built from readily available 60-watt peak panels, demonstrated reliable energy capture even during variable weather, accumulating sufficient charge to support daily fishing activities. We observed notable variations in energy consumption patterns - the motor drew considerably less power at moderate speeds compared to maximum throttle, suggesting optimal operational strategies for fishermen. Beyond the technical measurements, our calculations show this system could pay for itself within several months of regular use while eliminating ongoing fuel costs entirely. These results point toward a viable pathway for helping fishing communities reduce their dependence on expensive fossil fuels while maintaining their ability to earn income from the sea.
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