Analysis of the Output Voltage of a Microcontroller-Based DC–DC Boost Converter
Keywords:
DC–DC boost converter, Voltage Doubler, STM32F1038CT, PI control, renewable energy.Abstract
Power electronic converters are one of the key technologies in renewable energy applications, particularly for boosting the output voltage of low-voltage energy sources such as solar panels and fuel cells. This study aims to analyze the performance of a Voltage-Doubler-type DC–DC boost converter based on the STM32F1038CT microcontroller with a Proportional–Integral (PI) control method in maintaining output voltage stability. The design was carried out through simulation using Power Simulator software with input parameters of 12 V DC, a 2 mH inductor, a 220 µF capacitor, and a 100 Ω resistive load. The simulation results were then validated through hardware implementation using key components such as IRFP460 as the switch, IR2110 as the driver, and LV25-P as the voltage sensor. The results show that the output voltage reaches 44–45 V with a deviation of less than 1.5% from the reference value. The voltage ripple remains relatively low, ranging from 0.2–0.4 V, while the power conversion efficiency reaches 89–91%. The PI control system proves effective in maintaining output voltage stability despite variations in input voltage and load changes, and it provides a fast transient response. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Voltage-Doubler-type DC–DC boost converter based on the STM32F1038CT is effective, simple, and economical for renewable energy systems that require stepping up low DC voltage to higher levels while maintaining stability.
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