Design and Simulation of Solar-Powered Battery Charging Using a Multi-Loop Control Approach
Keywords:
Solar Cell, Battery, Hybrid PV System, Multi-Loop Control, Bidirectional Converter, PI Controller, MPPTAbstract
This study discusses the design and simulation of a solar cell-based battery charging system by applying a multi-loop control strategy. The proposed system is a PV-battery hybrid system with a topology of two independently operating DC-DC converters, consisting of a PV converter and a bidirectional battery converter. The multi-loop control strategy uses a Proportional-Integral (PI) control approach to maintain DC bus voltage stability and regulate the charging current limit and battery State-of-Charge (SoC). The system was tested under various load variations and solar irradiation intensities to evaluate its power control performance. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is capable of maintaining the bus voltage stable at the reference value and adaptively regulating the power flow between the PV and the battery. The system is classified into four main operating modes representing charging, idle, and discharging conditions, based on the combination of SoC, PV power, and load requirements. Simulations on a 200 Wpeak PV system prove that this control strategy is effective in maintaining system efficiency and reliability, as well as supporting optimal operation of standalone PV systems.
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