Differences in Regulation and Approaches to the Criminalization of Mothers for Filicide in the Old and New Penal Codes
Keywords:
Biological mother, Criminal Code, Child murderAbstract
The criminal act of a child’s murder by a biological mother is a form of crime that raises social concern and requires serious legal attention. This study aims to analyze the differences in regulation and penal approaches to this crime between the old Criminal Code (KUHP) and the new Criminal Code as regulated in Law Number 1 of 2023. The research method used is normative juridical, with statutory and literature study approaches. The results of the study indicate that the old KUHP focused more on general provisions regarding the crime of murder without considering familial relationships as a special factor, resulting in standard sentencing. Meanwhile, the new KUHP adopts a more humanistic and restorative approach, providing possibilities for sentence reductions or alternative approaches for biological mothers by taking into account the perpetrator’s motives, psychological state, and socio-economic conditions. Thus, the new KUHP offers flexibility in sentencing, making it more responsive to the complexity of cases involving child murder by biological mothers. This study is expected to serve as a reference for policymakers and legal practitioners in ensuring fair and proportionate law enforcement.
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