Implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT) Based Water Level Monitoring System Using Ultrasonic Sensors and the Blynk Application

Abstract

Manual monitoring and control of water levels in storage tanks are often inefficient and may result in water wastage due to overflow or shortage. To address this issue, this study developed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based water level monitoring system utilizing an ESP32 microcontroller, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and relay module as the water pump actuator. The system is integrated with the Blynk application for real-time monitoring and a Telegram bot for automatic user notifications.

The system is designed to display the water level in real time while providing both automatic and manual pump control options via the mobile application. Testing was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the sensor readings and the reliability of the pump control mechanism. The results indicate that the ultrasonic sensor achieves high accuracy with a reading deviation of less than 2%, and the relay-based pump control system operates effectively in filling and stopping the water flow according to the predefined level limits.

The implementation of this system enables users to monitor and manage water availability more efficiently and conveniently while reducing energy consumption and preventing wastage. Furthermore, this system has potential applications in both domestic and industrial environments that require automated water management solutions based on IoT technology.