The Role of Synchronous Reluctance Machines in the Energy Transition: Challenges and Opportunities for Future Electric Vehicles
Keywords:
Synchronous Reluctance Machine (SynRM), Electric Vehicle Electrification, Rare-Earth-Free Motor Technology, Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Energy Transition and SustainabilityAbstract
The global energy transition necessitates the decarbonization of the transportation sector through vehicle electrification. However, the dominance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) presents sustainability challenges due to their reliance on rare-earth materials. This article presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SynRMs) as rare-earth-free alternatives for future electric vehicles. By synthesizing findings from Scopus-indexed journals, IEEE publications, and industry reports spanning 2020–2025, the review evaluates advancements in rotor design, control strategies, energy efficiency, and technological readiness of SynRMs within the context of energy transition. The results indicate that SynRMs offer high efficiency, a simplified structure, and significant potential for reducing environmental impact. Nonetheless, challenges remain in torque control, thermal management, and full-scale validation. The review also identifies research gaps and outlines future innovation pathways, including the development of Ferrite-Assisted SynRMs and AI-based control algorithms. These findings contribute strategically to the advancement of sustainable electric motor technologies and support the global agenda for net-zero emissions..
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