Legal Relationship Between Doctor and Patient and Doctor's Liability in Community Health Services
Keywords:
Doctor-Patient Relationship, Medical Liability, Informed Consent, Health Law, Vicarious Liability.Abstract
The relationship between doctors and patients is the fundamental foundation of health service delivery. This study aims to analyze the legal relationship between doctors and patients and the forms of legal liability for doctors and hospitals in Indonesia, particularly following the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health. This research employs a normative juridical method by examining statutory regulations and legal principles. The results indicate that the doctor-patient relationship is a therapeutic contract based on the inspanning verbintenis principle, which gives rise to reciprocal rights and obligations. This relationship has shifted from paternalistic to participatory through informed consent. Legal liability encompasses civil liability (tort/breach of contract), criminal liability (negligence causing harm), and administrative liability (ethical violations). Furthermore, hospitals bear vicarious liability for the negligence of medical personnel under their supervision. A clear legal framework is essential to ensure patient safety and legal certainty for medical professionals.
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