A Neuroscience-Based Pre-Crime Deradicalization Model: A Legal Approach and Preventive Policy in Indonesia

Abstract

This study develops a neuroscience-based pre-crime deradicalization model as a preventive legal and policy approach in Indonesia. The problem is the expansion of criminalization to the pre-crime stage without an objective operational protocol for referring exposed subjects to voluntary services. A normative juridical approach is combined with neuroscience studies of inhibitory control through go-no-go and stop-signal tasks measured using portable EEG. Neurocognitive indicators are positioned to support a multi-layered assessment that includes clinical interviews, psychometrics, and social observation. The model emphasizes the principle of proportionality, separation of service domains from law enforcement, informed consent, neuroprivacy, and data quality standards and retesting.

The study's findings suggest that policy precedents in drug rehabilitation regimes can be adapted for pre-crime deradicalization to minimize the substantive justice gap. The proposed operational design includes a voluntary, community-based referral pathway, a multi-layered assessment with non-deterministic neurocognitive indicators, a recovery intervention package emphasizing executive function strengthening and values ​​counseling, and periodic evaluations. This integration provides a more measurable, evidentiary basis for service decisions without compromising human rights and freedom of thought. In conclusion, an ethical and accountable neuroscience-based pre-crime deradicalization model can complement law enforcement, strengthen prevention at the earliest stages, and enhance the effectiveness of public policy.