Reconstruction of the Harmonization of Investigative Authority in Corruption Criminal Cases to Overcome Institutional Pluralism and Achieve Legal Certainty in Indonesia

Abstract

Corruption as an extraordinary crime demands an effective law enforcement system that guarantees legal certainty, particularly at the investigative stage. In the Indonesian legal system, the authority to investigate corruption offenses is pluralistic in nature, as it is distributed among more than one law enforcement institution. While this arrangement is intended to strengthen anti-corruption efforts, it simultaneously gives rise to disharmony of authority and legal uncertainty due to the absence of integrated and comprehensive regulation. This study aims to analyze the construction of investigative authority in corruption cases within Indonesia’s pluralistic legal system and to formulate an ideal model for the reconstruction of authority harmonization in order to achieve legal certainty. The research method employed is normative juridical, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches, along with descriptive-qualitative and prescriptive analysis. The findings indicate that the pluralism of investigative authority generates potential overlaps, divergent interpretations, and conflicts of authority among law enforcement institutions, which in turn weakens legal certainty. Accordingly, a reconstruction of authority harmonization is required through the normative affirmation of authority boundaries, the strengthening of binding coordination mechanisms, and the integration of the criminal justice system. Such reconstruction is expected to create a law enforcement system that is more effective, coordinated, and oriented toward legal certainty in combating corruption in Indonesia.