Dynamics of Residential Land Use Change and Green Open Space Reduction in Medan Johor District
Keywords:
Land Use, Residential Areas, Green Open Spaces, Urban Sprawl, Urban Planning, Medan JohorAbstract
The decline in green open space (GOS) due to residential expansion is a critical issue in urban planning in Indonesia. This study analyzes the dynamics of residential land use change and GOS decline in Medan Johor District during the period 2015-2025 using a spatial analysis approach based on satellite imagery and the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) topographic maps. The research data were sourced from Sentinel-2A satellite imagery (2015 and 2025), Medan Johor District Statistics, and Medan Johor in Figures. The results show that over a 10-year period (2015-2025), the area of residential land increased from 1,080.35 hectares (63.7%) to 1,207.89 hectares (71.2%), or an increase of 127.54 hectares (11.81%), while green space decreased from 596.08 hectares (35.1%) to 432.15 hectares (25.5%), or a decrease of 163.93 hectares (-27.50%). Population growth of 14.69% (from 130,414 to 149,568 people) was the main driver of residential expansion. The pattern of change shows a significant conversion of green space into residential areas, especially in neighborhoods with high population density. This study concludes that stricter spatial control policies and land use regulations are needed to maintain a sustainable urban environmental balance.
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