Ibn Khaldun's Islamic Educational Thoughts and Their Relevance to the Development of Students' Spiritual Intelligence in the Modern Era

Abstract

This study aims to examine Ibn Khaldun's Islamic educational thought and analyze its relevance to the development of students' spiritual intelligence in the modern era. This study stems from concerns about the current state of education, which tends to emphasize cognitive and materialistic aspects, while often neglecting students' spiritual dimensions. In this context, Ibn Khaldun's ideas are crucial because they offer a holistic view of education, integrating intellectual, moral, and spiritual aspects in the formation of civilized human beings. This study uses a qualitative approach with library research. The primary data source comes from Ibn Khaldun's monumental work, the Muqaddimah, which is then enriched with various secondary sources in the form of contemporary academic books and journals. Data analysis was conducted using the content analysis method, which focuses on discovering the values ​​of spiritual education in Ibn Khaldun's thought and their relevance to the challenges of modern education. The results show that Ibn Khaldun emphasized a holistic education, which not only develops intellectual intelligence but also shapes the character, morals, and spiritual awareness of students. These spiritual educational values ​​are relevant for application in the modern era to address the challenges of globalization and technological development, through curriculum integration, the creation of a learning environment that supports reflection, and a learning approach appropriate to the developmental stage of students. This study concludes that Ibn Khaldun's thoughts can be used as a guideline for developing an education that balances intellectual and spiritual intelligence, thus producing students who are academically, morally, and spiritually mature.